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The majority of Indonesia's railways is located on Java, used for both passenger and freight transport. The inter-city rail network on Java is complemented by local commuter rail services in the Jakarta metropolitan area (KRL Jabotabek) and in Surabaya. In addition, monorail and mass rapid transit systems are under construction in Jakarta. There are three separate railway networks on Sumatra: one in Aceh and North Sumatra, another in West Sumatra, and the final one in South Sumatra and Lampung. Apart from these, a new (industrial) network is being developed on Kalimantan.〔(New railway on Kalimantan )〕 Indonesia's rail gauge is , although and lines previously existed. New construction in Aceh has the gauge. Most of the Jakarta metropolitan area is electrified at 1500 V DC overhead. Indonesia's railways are operated by the state-owned PT Kereta Api and its Jakartan subsidiary PT Kereta Api Commuter Jabotabek. The infrastructure is state-owned, and companies pay a fee for using the railways. Various narrow gauge industrial tramways operate in Java and Sumatra, serving the sugarcane and oil palm industries. ==History== (詳細はJapanese occupation and the Indonesian War of Independence left Indonesia's railways in a poor condition. A batch of 100 steam locomotives were ordered in 1950, and dieselisation started in 1953. By the 1980s most mainline services had been dieselised. Electric multiple units were obtained from Japan beginning in the 1970s, replacing 60-year-old electric locomotives. Since the independence era, all mainline railways in Indonesia have been managed by the state. The owners of the private railway were compensated first, but the system was fully nationalised in 1971. Construction of new railway lines has been scarce, and most new construction is concentrated on double- and quad-tracking of existing railway lines. Most of the former tramway lines have been closed, reducing the mileage from about 7000 km to only 3000 km. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Rail transport in Indonesia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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